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軟件設(shè)計(jì)師每日一練試題（2024/11/11）

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軟件設(shè)計(jì)師每日一練試題內(nèi)容（2024/11/11）

試題1
Thebeautyofsoftwareisinitsfunction，initsinternalstructure，andinthewayinwhichitiscreatedbyateam.Toauser，aprogramwithjusttherightfeaturespresentedthroughanintuitiveand()interfaceisbeautiful.Toasoftwaredesigner，aninternalstructurethatispartitionedinasimpleandintuitivemanner，andthatminimizesinternalcouplingisbeautiful.Todevelopersandmanagers，amotivatedteamofdevelopersmakingsignificantprogresseveryweek，andproducingdefect-freecode，isbeautiful.Thereisbeautyonalltheselevels.
ourworldneedssoftware--lotsofsoftware.Fiftyyearsagosoftwarewassomethingthatraninafewbigandexpensivemachines.Thirtyyearsagoitwassomethingthatraninmostcompaniesandindustrialsettings.Nowthereissoftwarerunninginourcellphones，watches，appliances，automobiles，toys，andtools.Andneedfornewandbettersoftwarenever().Asourcivilizationgrowsandexpands，asdevelopingnationsbuildtheirinfrastructures，asdevelopednationsstrivetoachieveevergreaterefficiencies，theneedformoreandmoreSoftware()toincrease.Itwouldbeagreatshameif，inallthatsoftware，therewasnobeauty.
Weknowthatsoftwarecanbeugly.Weknowthatitcanbehardtouse，unreliable，andcarelesslystructured.Weknowthattherearesoftwaresystemswhosetangledandcarelessinternalstructuresmakethemexpensiveanddifficulttochange.Weknowthattherearesoftwaresystemsthatpresenttheirfeaturesthroughanawkwardandcumbersomeinterface.Weknowthattherearesoftwaresystemsthatcrashandmisbehave.Theseare()systems.Unfortunately，asaprofession，softwaredeveloperstendtocreatemoreuglysystemsthanbeautifulones.
Thereisasecretthatthebestsoftwaredevelopersknow.Beautyischeaperthanugliness.Beautyisfasterthanugliness.Abeautifulsoftwaresystemcanbebuiltandmaintainedinlesstime，andforlessmoney,thananuglyone.Novicesoftwaredevelopersdon't.understandthis.Theythinkthattheyhavetodoeverythingfastandquick.Theythinkthatbeautyis().No!Bydoingthingsfastandquick，theymakemessesthatmakethesoftwarestiff，andhardtounderstand，Beautifulsystemseflexibleandeasytounderstand.Buildingthemandmaintainingthemisajoy.Itisuglinessthatisimpractical.Uglinesswillslowyoudownandmakeyoursoftwareexpensiveandbrittle.Beautifulsystemscosttheleastbuildandmaintain，andaredeliveredsoonest.
A.Simple
B.Hard
C.Complex
D.Duplicated
A.happens
B.exists
C.stops
D.starts
A.starts
B.continues
C.appears
D.stops
A.practical
B.useful
C.beautiful
D.ugly
A.impractical
B.perfect
C.time-wasting
D.practical
查看答案
試題參考答案：A、C、B、D、A
試題解析與討論：m.xiexiliangjiufa.com/exam/ExamDay.aspx?t1=4&day=2024/11/11
試題2

數(shù)據(jù)流圖中某個(gè)加工的一組動(dòng)作依賴(lài)于多個(gè)邏輯條件的取值，則用( )能夠清楚地表示復(fù)雜的條件組合與應(yīng)做的動(dòng)作之間的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。
A．流程圖
B．NS盒圖
C．形式語(yǔ)言
D．決策樹(shù)
查看答案
試題參考答案：D
試題解析與討論：m.xiexiliangjiufa.com/exam/ExamDay.aspx?t1=4&day=2024/11/11
試題3
在某銷(xiāo)售系統(tǒng)中，客戶采用掃描二維碼進(jìn)行支付。若采用面向?qū)ο蠓椒ㄩ_(kāi)發(fā)該銷(xiāo)售系統(tǒng)，則客戶類(lèi)屬于（1）類(lèi)，二維碼類(lèi)屬于（ 2）類(lèi)。
（1）A.接口
B.實(shí)體
C.控制
D.狀態(tài)
（2）A.接口
B.實(shí)體
C.控制
D.狀態(tài)
查看答案
試題參考答案：B、A
試題解析與討論：m.xiexiliangjiufa.com/exam/ExamDay.aspx?t1=4&day=2024/11/11
試題4

在Windows 2003 Server中啟用配置SNMP服務(wù)時(shí)，必須以（）身份登錄才能完成SNMP服務(wù)的配置功能。
A．guest
B．普通用戶
C．a(chǎn)dministrator組成員
D．user組成員
查看答案
試題參考答案：C
試題解析與討論：m.xiexiliangjiufa.com/exam/ExamDay.aspx?t1=4&day=2024/11/11
試題5
已知某二叉樹(shù)的先序遍歷序列為A B C D E F、中序遍歷序列為B A D C F E，則可以確定該二叉樹(shù)（）。
A.是單支樹(shù)（即非葉子結(jié)點(diǎn)都只有一個(gè)孩子）
B.高度為4（即結(jié)點(diǎn)分布在4層上）
C.根結(jié)點(diǎn)的左子樹(shù)為空
D.根結(jié)點(diǎn)的右子樹(shù)為空
查看答案
試題參考答案：B
試題解析與討論：m.xiexiliangjiufa.com/exam/ExamDay.aspx?t1=4&day=2024/11/11
試題6
將網(wǎng)址轉(zhuǎn)換為IP地址要用()協(xié)議。
A．域名解析
B．IP地址解析
C．路由選擇
D．傳輸控制
查看答案
試題參考答案：A
試題解析與討論：m.xiexiliangjiufa.com/exam/ExamDay.aspx?t1=4&day=2024/11/11
試題7

軟件的復(fù)雜性主要體現(xiàn)在程序的復(fù)雜性。（1）是度量軟件復(fù)雜性的一個(gè)主要參數(shù)。若采用McCabe度量法計(jì)算環(huán)路復(fù)雜性，則對(duì)于下圖所示的程序圖，其環(huán)路復(fù)雜度為（2）。

30、A．代碼行數(shù)
B．常量的數(shù)量
C．變量的數(shù)量
D．調(diào)用的庫(kù)函數(shù)的數(shù)量
31、A．2
B．3
C．4
D．5
查看答案
試題參考答案：A、C
試題解析與討論：m.xiexiliangjiufa.com/exam/ExamDay.aspx?t1=4&day=2024/11/11
試題8
The project workbook is not so much a separate document as it is a structure imposed on the documents that the project will be producing anyway.
All the documents of the project need to be part of this （?。? This includes objectives ,external specifications , interface specifications , technical standards , internal specifications and administrative memoranda(備忘錄).
Technical prose is almost immortal. If one examines the genealogy ( Ff ) of a customer manual for a piece of hardware or software , one can trace not only the ideas , but also many of the very sentences and paragraphs back to the first （?。?proposing the product or explaining the first design. For the technical writer, the paste-pot is as mighty as the pen.
Since this is so, and since tomorrow's product-quality manuals will grow from today’s memos, it is very important to get the structure of the documentation right. The early design of the project （?。?ensures that the documentation structure itself is crafted, not haphazard. Moreover, the establishment of a structure molds later writing into segments that fit into that structure.
The second reason for the project workbook is control of the distribution of （請(qǐng)作答此空）. The problem is not to restrict information, but to ensure that relevant information gets to all the people who need it.
The first step is to number all memoranda, so that ordered lists of titles are available and h worker can see if he has what he wants. The organization of the workbook goes well beyond this to establish a tree-structure of memoranda. The （） allows distribution lists to be maintained by subtree, if that is desirable.
A.product
B.manual
C.document
D.information
查看答案
試題參考答案：D
試題解析與討論：m.xiexiliangjiufa.com/exam/ExamDay.aspx?t1=4&day=2024/11/11
試題9

在如下所示的進(jìn)程資源圖中，（1）；該進(jìn)程資源圖是（2）。

（1）A．P1、P2、P3都是阻塞節(jié)點(diǎn)
B．P1是阻塞節(jié)點(diǎn)、P2、P3是非阻塞節(jié)點(diǎn)
C．P1、P2是阻塞節(jié)點(diǎn)、P3是非阻塞節(jié)點(diǎn)
D．P1、P2是非阻塞節(jié)點(diǎn)、P3是阻塞節(jié)點(diǎn)
（2）A．可以化簡(jiǎn)的，其化簡(jiǎn)順序?yàn)镻1→P2→P3
B．可以化簡(jiǎn)的，其化簡(jiǎn)順序?yàn)镻3→P1→P2
C．可以化簡(jiǎn)的，其化簡(jiǎn)順序?yàn)镻2→P1→P3
D．不可以化簡(jiǎn)的，因?yàn)镻1、P2、P3申請(qǐng)的資源都不能得到滿足
查看答案
試題參考答案：C、B
試題解析與討論：m.xiexiliangjiufa.com/exam/ExamDay.aspx?t1=4&day=2024/11/11
試題10

下面的 UML 類(lèi)圖描繪的是（1）設(shè)計(jì)模式。關(guān)于該設(shè)計(jì)模式的敘述中，錯(cuò)誤的是（2）。

（1）A、橋接
B、策略
C、抽象工廠
D、觀察者
（2）A、該設(shè)計(jì)模式中的 Observer 需要維護(hù)至少一個(gè) Subject 對(duì)象
B、該設(shè)計(jì)模式中的 ConcreteObserver 可以繞過(guò) Subject 及其子類(lèi)的封裝
C、該設(shè)計(jì)模式中一個(gè) Subject 對(duì)象需要維護(hù)多個(gè) Observer 對(duì)象
D、該設(shè)計(jì)模式中 Subject 需要通知 Observer 對(duì)象其自身的狀態(tài)變化
查看答案
試題參考答案：D、B
試題解析與討論：m.xiexiliangjiufa.com/exam/ExamDay.aspx?t1=4&day=2024/11/11

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