Develop Project Management Plan:Tools and Techniques
制定項目管理計劃:工具與技術
1 Project Management Methodology
1 項目管理方法系
The project management methodology defines a process,which aids a project management team in developing and controlling changes to the project management plan.
項目管理方法系確定了協(xié)助項目管理團隊制定和控制項目管理計劃變更的過程。
2 Project Management Information System
2 項目管理信息系統(tǒng)
The project management information system,an automated system,is used by the project management team to support generation of the project management plan,facilitate feedback as the document is developed,control changes to the project management plan,and release the approved document.
項目管理信息系統(tǒng)是一個自動化系統(tǒng),項目管理團隊利用項目管理信息系統(tǒng)制定項目管理計劃,在制定項目管理計劃時促進反饋,控制項目管理計劃的變更,發(fā)布批準的項目管理計劃。
Configuration Management System
配置管理系統(tǒng)
The configuration management system is a subsystem of the overall project management information system.The system includes the process for submitting proposed changes,tracking systems for reviewing and approving proposed changes,defining approval levels for authorizing changes,and providing a method to validate approved changes.In most application areas,the configuration management system includes the change control system.The configuration management system is also a collection of formal documented procedures used to apply technical and administrative direction and surveillance to:
配置管理系統(tǒng)是整個項目管理信息系統(tǒng)的一個子系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)包括的過程用于提交變更建議,追蹤變更建議的審查與批準制度,確定變更的批準級別,以及確認批準的變更方法。在大多數(shù)應用領域,配置管理系統(tǒng)包含變更控制系統(tǒng)。配置管理系統(tǒng)還是正式形成為文件的程序的全體,用于為下列事項提供技術和行政指導和監(jiān)督:
Identify and document the functional and physical characteristics of a product or component
識別產(chǎn)品或組成部分的功能與實體特征并形成文件
Control any changes to such characteristics
控制上述特征的所有變更
Record and report each change and its implementation status
記錄并報告每一變更及其實施狀況
Support the audit of the products or components to verify conformance to requirements.
輔助產(chǎn)品或組成部分的審查,核實是否符合要求
Change Control System
變更控制系統(tǒng)
The change control system is a collection of formal documented procedures that define how project deliverables and documentation are controlled,changed,and approved.The change control system is a subsystem of the configuration management system.For example,for information technology systems,a change control system can include the specifications(scripts,source code,data definition language,etc.)for each software component.
變更控制系統(tǒng)是正式形成文件的過程的全體,用于確定控制、改變和批準項目可交付成果和文件的方式、方法。變更控制系統(tǒng)是配置管理系統(tǒng)的一個子系統(tǒng)。例如,對于信息技術系統(tǒng)而言,變更控制系統(tǒng)可以包括每一軟件組件的技術規(guī)定說明書(腳本、源代碼、數(shù)據(jù)定義語言等)。
3 Expert Judgment
3 專家判斷
Expert judgment is applied to develop technical and management details to be included in the project management plan.
在制定應列入項目管理計劃中的任何技術與管理細節(jié)時都會用到專家判斷。
Develop Project Management Plan
制定項目管理計劃
The Develop Project Management Plan process includes the actions necessary to define,integrate,and coordinate all subsidiary plans into a project management plan.The project management plan content will vary depending upon the application area and complexity of the project.This process results in a project management plan that is updated and revised through the Integrated Change Control process.The project management plan defines how the project is executed,monitored and controlled,and closed.The project management plan documents the collection of outputs of the planning processes of the Planning Process Group and includes:
制定項目管理計劃過程包括將確定、協(xié)調(diào)與綜合所有部分計劃所需要的行動形成文件,使其成為項目管理計劃。項目管理計劃的內(nèi)容因項目的應用領域和復雜程度而異。這一過程的結果使項目管理計劃通過整體變更控制過程得以更新與修改。項目管理計劃確定了執(zhí)行、監(jiān)視、控制和結束項目的方式與方法。項目管理計劃記錄了規(guī)劃過程組的各個規(guī)劃子過程的全部成果,其中有:
The project management processes selected by the project management team
項目管理團隊選擇的各個項目管理過程。
The level of implementation of each selected process
每一選定過程的實施水平。
The descriptions of the tools and techniques to be used for accomplishing those processes
對實施這些過程時使用的工具與技術所做的說明。
How the selected processes will be used to manage the specific project,including the dependencies and interactions among those processes,and the essential inputs and outputs
在管理具體項目中使用選定過程的方式和方法,包括過程之間的依賴關系和相互作用,以及重要的依據(jù)和成果。
How work will be executed to accomplish the project objectives
為了實現(xiàn)項目目標所執(zhí)行工作的方式、方法。
How changes will be monitored and controlled
監(jiān)控變更的方式、方法。
How configuration management will be performed
實施配置管理的方式、方法。
How integrity of the performance measurement baselines will be maintained and used
使用實施效果測量基準并使之保持完整的方式、方法。
The need and techniques for communication among stakeholders
利害關系者之間的溝通需要與技術。
The selected project life cycle and,for multi-phase projects,the associated project phases
選定的項目生命期和多階段項目的項目階段。
Key management reviews for content,extent,and timing to facilitate addressing open issues and pending decisions.
高層管理人員為了加快解決未解決的問題和處理未做出的決策,對內(nèi)容、范圍和時間安排的關鍵審查。
The project management plan can be either summary level or detailed,and can be composed of one or more subsidiary plans and other components.Each of the subsidiary plans and components is detailed to the extent required by the specific project.These subsidiary plans include,but are not limited to:
項目管理計劃詳略均可,可由一個或多個部分計劃,以及其他事項組成。每一個分計劃和其他組成部分的詳細程度都要滿足具體項目的需要。這些分計劃包括但不限于如下內(nèi)容:
Project scope management plan
項目范圍管理計劃
Schedule management plan
進度管理計劃
Cost management plan
費用管理計劃
Quality management plan
質(zhì)量管理計劃
Process improvement plan
過程改進計劃
Staffing management plan
人員配備管理計劃
Communication management plan
溝通管理計劃
Risk management plan
風險管理計劃
Procurement management plan
采購管理計劃
These other components include,but are not limited to:
其他組成部分包括,但不限于如下事項:
Milestone list
里程碑清單
Resource calendar
資源日歷
Schedule baseline
進度基準
Cost baseline
費用基準
Quality baseline
質(zhì)量基準
Risk register
風險登記冊
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